Segmentation is the process of converting pixel intensity values in an image into discrete objects that can be analyzed, i.e. by identifying pixels which belong to an objects and those which belong to the background. These objects enable researchers to measure and compare features such as:

• Morphological Properties: Volume, surface area, sphericity, etc.
• Intensity Characteristics: Signal expression or brightness.
• Inter-Object Relationships: Proximity, number of children, or other spatial relationships.