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Measurement Features

Coordinate System

Some feature descriptions contain images with a coordinate system for illustrative purposes. Note that the actual coordinate system in the software is different and has its point of origin (0/0) in the top left corner of the image.

The software can automatically detect and measure various properties of objects.

Some general terms relevant for several feature descriptions are the following:

  • Filled: A measurement feature with Filled in its name takes the entire region for the respective calculation, i.e. any holes the region might contain are included in the calculation.
  • Unscaled: For features that are titled as Unscaled, the scaling of the image is not taken into account for the measurement. The values returned by these features have the unit pixel.

ACP X Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with a smaller white polygon inside, blue circular marker at top, vertical and horizontal axis arrows

The x coordinate of the last pixel in the last line of a region.

To identify measurement objects, the image is scanned from bottom left to top right. The so-called ACP (anti-coincidence point) is the last point that has been identified for a new object. The parameter ACP X indicates the x-coordinate of this point.

  • Unit: pixels
  • Value range: 1 ... image size in x-direction

ACP X Unscaled WCS

Irregular gray polygon with internal cutouts, blue top marker and downward blue arrow, axes and globe origin icon

The x coordinate of the last pixel in the last line of a region.

To identify measurement objects, the image is scanned from bottom left to top right. The so-called ACP (anti-coincidence point) is the last point that has been identified for a new object. The parameter ACP X indicates the x-coordinate of this point in the world coordinate system (WCS).

  • Unit: pixels
  • Value range: 1 ... image size in x-direction

ACP Y Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with inner hole, blue dot and leftward double-arrow near top, vertical and horizontal axes.

The y coordinate of the last pixel in the last line of a region.

To identify measurement objects, the image is scanned from bottom left to top right. The so-called ACP (anti-coincidence point) is the last point that has been identified for a new object. The parameter ACP Y indicates the y-coordinate of this point.

  • Unit: pixels
  • Value range: 1 ... image size in y-direction

ACP Y Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon with two interior cutouts and a blue marker at top with leftward double arrow.

The y coordinate of the last pixel in the last line of a region.

To identify measurement objects, the image is scanned from bottom left to top right. The so-called ACP (anti-coincidence point) is the last point that has been identified for a new object. The parameter ACP Y indicates the y-coordinate of this point in the world coordinate system (WCS).

  • Unit: pixels
  • Value range: 1 ... world coordinate size in y-direction

Area

Blue outlined polygon with diagonal hatch fill, smaller inner polygon hole and horizontal double-headed arrow below

Area of a region.

Area of a region excluding any holes it may contain. The areas of the holes are not included in the measurement. If you want to include them, use the Area filled parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of area of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm²)

Area Convex (arivis)

Area of convex hull of a region.

The current region is surrounded by a convex polyline. The (filled!) area of the resulting region is then measured.

  • Unit: Unit of area of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm²)

Area Cut

Area of a region including the parts cut by a frame. Note that if you define Cut at Frame in the Frame step of the image analysis, the value of this parameter is identical to the value delivered by the Area feature.

  • Unit: Unit of area of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm²)

Area Cut Unscaled

Unscaled area of a region including the parts cut by a frame. Note that if you define Cut at Frame in the Frame step of the image analysis, the value of this parameter is identical to the value delivered by the Area Unscaled feature.

  • Unit: pixels

Area Filled

Light blue irregular polygon with diagonal blue stripes, blue outline, containing three dark irregular holes

Area of filled region.

Area of a region including any holes it contains. The holes are interpreted as belonging to the region or are filled prior to the measurement. If you do not want the holes to be measured, use the Area parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of area of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm²)

Area Filled Unscaled

Irregular blue-outlined polygon with diagonal hatch and inner hole, caption Area of filled region.

Area of filled region.

Area of a region including any holes it contains. The holes are interpreted as belonging to the region or are filled prior to the measurement. If you do not want the holes to be measured, use the Area parameter.

  • Unit: pixels²

Area Frame

Returns the area of the measurement frame used in the image. If a ROI is defined in the Frame step of the wizard, this area is displayed, otherwise the area of the entire image is indicated. This also includes image areas without pixel values.

  • Unit: µm2

Area Frame Unscaled

Returns the area of the measurement frame used in the image. If a ROI is defined in the Frame step of the wizard, this area is displayed, otherwise the area of the entire image is indicated. This also includes image areas without pixel values.

  • Unit: pixels

Area Percentage of Holes

Area of the holes as a percentage of the overall area, i.e. the area of holes divided by the area of the segmented region.

Area Unscaled

Irregular blue-outlined polygon with diagonal blue hatching and a central white geometric cutout

Area of a region unscaled.

The Area unscaled parameter corresponds to the Area parameter. However, the scaling of the image is not taken into account for the measurement. The (unfilled!) area of a region is displayed in pixels in each case.

  • Unit: pixels²

Bound Back

Indicates the back coordinate (highest value in z-direction) of the bounding box of a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Back Unscaled

Indicates the back coordinate (highest value in z-direction) of the unscaled bounding box of a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Back Unscaled WCS

Indicates the back coordinate (highest value in z-direction) of the unscaled bounding box of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS). The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Back WCS

Indicates the back coordinate (highest value in z-direction) of the bounding box of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS). The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Bottom

Gray irregular polygon with two inner cutouts inside dashed blue bounding box and blue horizontal arrows showing width

Minimum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate of the bottom edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Bottom Unscaled

Grey irregular polygon inside dashed blue bounding box with blue double-headed horizontal measurement arrow at bottom

Minimum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate of the bottom edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Bottom Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon inside dashed blue bounding box on axes, arrows indicating minimum y-coordinate of box

Minimum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the bottom edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Bottom WCS

Gray irregular polygon with two inner cutouts inside a dashed blue bounding box and axes arrows.

Minimum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the bottom edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Center

Bound Center X/Y/Z.

Indicates the x, y or z coordinate of the center of the bounding box for a region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Center Unscaled

Bound Center X/Y/Z Unscaled.

Indicates the x, y or z coordinate of the unscaled center of the bounding box for a region.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Center Unscaled WCS

Bound Center X/Y/Z Unscaled WCS.

Indicates the x, y or z coordinate of the unscaled center of the bounding box for a region in the world coordinate system (WCS).

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Center WCS

Bound Center X/Y/Z WCS.

Indicates the x, y or z coordinate of the center of the bounding box for a region in the world coordinate system (WCS).

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Depth

Indicates the depth of the bounding box of a region, i.e. the "length" of the bounding box in z.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Depth Unscaled

Indicates the depth of the unscaled bounding box of a region, i.e. the "length" of the bounding box in z.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Front

Indicates the front coordinate (smallest value in z-direction) of the bounding box of a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Front Unscaled

Indicates the front coordinate (smallest value in z-direction) of the unscaled bounding box of a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Front Unscaled WCS

Indicates the front coordinate (smallest value in z-direction) of the unscaled bounding box of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS). The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Front WCS

Indicates the front coordinate (smallest value in z-direction) of the bounding box of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS). The box is drawn in parallel to the x, y and z axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Height

Gray irregular polygon in dashed blue bounding box with vertical double-arrow for height and top horizontal arrow

Indicates the height (size in y-direction) of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)
  • Formula: Bound top - Bound bottom

Bound Height Unscaled

Irregular gray polygon with inner cutouts inside dashed blue bounding box with blue horizontal and vertical dimension arrows

Indicates the height (size in y-direction) of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels
  • Formula: Bound top - Bound bottom

Bound Left

Gray irregular polygon with inner hole next to solid blue axes and dashed blue bounding box with top dimension arrow

Minimum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate of the left-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Left Unscaled

Irregular gray polygon inside dashed bounding box, with a blue vertical line and double-headed arrow marking the left edge.

Minimum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate of the left-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Left Unscaled WCS

Irregular gray polygon inside dashed blue bounding box with vertical and horizontal axis arrows and a smaller inner polygon

Minimum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the left-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Left WCS

Polygon inside dashed blue bounding box with vertical axis arrow, labeled 'Minimum x-coordinate'.

Minimum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the left-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Right

Gray irregular polygon with two white holes inside dashed blue bounding box and outer blue frame with vertical arrow

Maximum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate of the right-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Right Unscaled

Grey irregular polygon with a hole inside, inside a dashed blue bounding box, and a blue vertical arrow at right pointing down

Maximum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate of the right-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Right Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon with inner cutouts inside dashed blue bounding box on axes, blue downward arrow

Maximum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the right-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Right WCS

Gray irregular polygon inside dashed blue bounding box and solid blue rectangle, axes arrows and small cube icon

Maximum x-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the right-hand edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Top

Grey polygon with holes inside dashed blue bounding box and blue arrow; label: Maximum y-coordinate of bounding box.

Maximum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate of the top edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Top Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with white cutouts inside a dashed blue bounding box and a blue horizontal double-headed arrow above

Maximum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y-coordinate of the top edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Top Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon with two white cutouts inside, dashed blue bounding box and blue double-headed arrows.

Maximum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the top edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: pixels

Bound Top WCS

Gray irregular polygon with two white holes, dashed blue bounding box and blue horizontal and gray vertical arrows

Maximum y-coordinate of the bounding box of a region.

Indicates the y coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the top edge of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Width

Gray irregular polygon with two internal cutouts inside a blue rectangular bounding box with double-headed width arrows.

Indicates the width (size in x-direction) of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Formula: Bound right - Bound left
  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Bound Width Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with two inner polygons inside blue dashed box and blue double-headed arrow at bottom

Indicates the width (size in x-direction) of a bounding box for a region. The box is drawn in parallel to the x and y axis.

  • Formula: Bound right - Bound left
  • Unit: pixels

Center X

Gray irregular polygon with inner hole, blue center dot, downward blue arrow below, dimension arrows at top and left

The x coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated y-coordinate is determined via the Center Y parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Center X Unscaled

Irregular gray polygon with inner cutout, blue centroid dot near center and blue downward arrow beneath, left vertical axis

The x coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated y-coordinate is determined via the Center Y parameter.

  • Unit: pixels

Center X Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon with small inner cutout and blue dot near center above axes and dashed alignment lines

The x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated y-coordinate is determined via the Center Y parameter.

  • Unit: pixels

Center X WCS

Irregular polygon with inner hole, blue dot marking geometric center, axes at bottom-left and a downward blue arrow

The x coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated y-coordinate is determined via the Center Y parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Center Y

Gray irregular polygon with internal cutout and blue dot marking a point

The y coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated x coordinate is determined via the Center X parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Center Y Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with interior blue dot, left-pointing blue arrow and corner axes; caption about y coordinate

The y coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated x coordinate is determined via the Center X parameter.

  • Unit: pixels

Center Y Unscaled WCS

Gray irregular polygon with inner cutout and a blue dot, left-pointing blue arrow and dashed axes

The y coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated x coordinate is determined via the Center X parameter.

  • Unit: pixels

Center Y WCS

Gray irregular polygon with inner holes, blue centroid dot and left-pointing blue arrow indicating the y coordinate

The y coordinate in the world coordinate system (WCS) of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point may also lie outside a region. The associated x coordinate is determined via the Center X parameter.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Center Z

Indicates the z coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point can also lie outside a region. The associated x and y coordinates are determined by the Center X and Center Y features.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Center Z Unscaled

Indicates the z coordinate of the unscaled geometric center of gravity of a region.

Depending on the shape of the object, this point can also lie outside a region. The associated x and y coordinates are determined by the Center X Unscaled and Center Y Unscaled features.

  • Unit: pixels

Center Z Unscaled WCS

Indicates the z coordinate of the unscaled geometric center of gravity of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS).

Depending on the shape of the object, this point can also lie outside a region. The associated x and y coordinates are determined by the Center X Unscaled WCS and Center Y Unscaled WCS features.

  • Unit: pixels

Center Z WCS

Indicates the z coordinate of the geometric center of gravity of a region in the world coordinate system (WCS).

Depending on the shape of the object, this point can also lie outside a region. The associated x and y coordinates are determined by the Center X WCS and Center Y WCS features.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Circularity (arivis)

Sqrt(Roundness) = Sqrt(4 × Area / (π × Feret Maximum (arivis)²))

Compactness (arivis)

4 × π × Area / Perimeter Convex (arivis)²

Convexity (arivis)

(Perimeter Convex (arivis) / Perimeter Crofton)2

Count

Returns the count of analyzed objects.

Count Objects Direct Subclasses

Returns the count of analyzed objects in the direct subclasses.

Note that this feature only considers values of direct subclasses of a class, i.e. subclasses that are directly on the next lower hierarchy level in the class list. Values of subclasses on lower hierarchy levels ("subclass of a subclass") are not considered.

Count per mm2

Returns the count of analyzed objects per mm2.

Diameter

Gray octagon containing an irregular white polygon, overlaid by a blue circle with a horizontal double-headed diameter arrow.

Diameter of a circle/sphere with an area/volume equal to that of the object.

The object is measured using the Area feature. A circle with the same area as the object is created. The diameter of this circle is returned.
In case of a three dimensional analysis, the equivalent sphere with the Volume of the region is measured and the diameter of the sphere is returned.

  • Formula 2D: Sqrt ((4/π)*Area)
  • Formula 3D: Pow(6*Volume/π, 1/3)
  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Diameter Maximum Inscribed Circle

Gray irregular polygon with white holes and a blue-outlined circle overlapping its right edge, black axes with arrowheads.

Diameter of the largest circle that can be inscribed inside an area.

The object is transformed into a binary image. A distance transform is applied on the binary image which calculates the largest distance to the outline of the object or any holes the object contains. Extracting the point with the largest distance yields the maximum inscribed circle. The diameter is twice the largest distance.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Diameter Maximum Inscribed Circle Unscaled

Gray irregular polygon with white holes and a blue-outlined circle overlapping its right edge, black axes with arrowheads.

Diameter of the largest circle that can be inscribed inside an area.

The object is transformed into a binary image. A distance transform is applied on the binary image which calculates the largest distance to the outline of the object or any holes the object contains. Extracting the point with the largest distance yields the maximum inscribed circle. The diameter is twice the largest distance.

  • Unit: pixel

Diameter Unscaled

Gray octagonal frame with a white irregular polygon, overlaid by a blue circle and horizontal double-headed arrow

Unscaled diameter of a circle/sphere with an area/volume equal to that of the object.

The object is measured using the Area Unscaled feature. A circle with the same area as the object is created. The diameter of this circle is returned.
In case of a three dimensional analysis, the equivalent sphere with the Volume Unscaled of the region is measured and the diameter of the sphere is returned.

  • Formula 2D: Sqrt ((4/π)*Area Unscaled)
  • Formula 3D: Pow(6*Volume Unscaled/π, 1/3)
  • Unit: pixels

Ellipse Angle

Gray region inside dashed blue ellipse with a blue diagonal major-axis line and curved arrow showing angle to the x-axis

Angle of the major axis of the ellipse.

The major axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the current region is determined in accordance with the Ellipse major parameter. The angle to the x-axis is then determined. The indication of the angle always relates to a counterclockwise direction.

  • Unit: degrees
  • Value range: 0 ... 180°

Ellipse Angle Unscaled

Gray rotated polygon inside dashed blue ellipse, blue diagonal major-axis line and curved angle marker to horizontal axis

Angle of the major axis of the ellipse.

The major axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the current region is determined in accordance with the Ellipse major parameter. The angle to the x-axis is then determined. The indication of the angle always relates to a counterclockwise direction.

  • Unit: degrees
  • Value range: 0 ... 180°

This tool uses unscaled pixels for calculating the angle. The results may differ from the results of Ellipse Angle.

Ellipse Semi-Major

Grey region inside dashed blue ellipse with vertical blue double-headed arrow (semi-major axis) and top black double arrow

Length of the semi-major axis of the ellipse.

Length of the semi-major axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the region. The moment of inertia is calculated about the center of gravity of the region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Ellipse Semi-Major Unscaled

Gray irregular region inside a dashed blue ellipse with a vertical double-headed blue arrow indicating the semi-major axis

Length of the semi-major axis of the ellipse.

Length of the semi-major axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the region. The moment of inertia is calculated about the center of gravity of the region.

  • Unit: pixels

Ellipse Semi-Minor

Gray region in dashed blue ellipse with blue arrow to center; caption: Length of semi-minor axis.

Length of the semi-minor axis of the ellipse.

Length of the semi-minor axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the region. The moment of inertia is calculated about the center of gravity of the region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Ellipse Semi-Minor Unscaled

Gray irregular region inside dashed blue ellipse with central blue double-headed horizontal arrow indicating semi-minor axis

Length of the semi-minor axis of the ellipse.

Length of the semi-minor axis of an ellipse with the same geometric moment of inertia as the region. The moment of inertia is calculated about the center of gravity of the region.

  • Unit: pixels

Ellipsoid Semi-Major

Grey region inside dashed blue ellipse with vertical blue double-headed arrow (semi-major axis) and top black double arrow

Calculates the length of the semi-major axis of the equivalent ellipsoid of the region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Ellipsoid Semi-Major Unscaled

Gray irregular region inside a dashed blue ellipse with a vertical double-headed blue arrow indicating the semi-major axis

Calculates the length of the semi-major axis of the equivalent unscaled ellipsoid of the region.

  • Unit: pixels

Ellipsoid Semi-Mean

Calculates the length of the semi-mean axis of the equivalent ellipsoid of the region, i.e. half the length of the medium/middle axis of the three dimensional ellipsoid.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Ellipsoid Semi-Mean Unscaled

Calculates the length of the semi-mean axis of the equivalent unscaled ellipsoid of the region, i.e. half the length of the medium/middle axis of the three dimensional ellipsoid.

  • Unit: pixels

Ellipsoid Semi-Minor

Gray region in dashed blue ellipse with blue arrow to center; caption: Length of semi-minor axis.

Calculates the length of the semi-minor axis of the equivalent ellipsoid of the region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Ellipsoid Semi-Minor Unscaled

Gray irregular region inside dashed blue ellipse with central blue double-headed horizontal arrow indicating semi-minor axis

Calculates the length of the semi-minor axis of the equivalent unscaled ellipsoid of the region.

  • Unit: pixels

Feret Maximum

Maximum feret diagram: gray polygon with blue sliding-caliper lines measuring distances at 128 angles

Maximum feret of a region.

The maximum feret of a region is determined on the basis of distance measurements. Two straight lines are positioned on opposite sides of the object, like a sliding caliper, at 128 angle positions. The corresponding distance is measured for each angle position. The maximum value determined is the maximum feret.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Feret Maximum Angle (arivis)

Grey polygon with inner hole and blue diagonal arrow indicating maximum Feret angle relative to x-axis

Angle of the maximum feret of a region in relation to the x-axis.

The maximum feret is determined as described in Feret Maximum (arivis). The angle of the maximum feret in relation to the x-axis is then determined. The indication of the angle always relates to a counterclockwise direction.

  • Unit: degrees
  • Value range: -90° ... 90°

Feret Maximum Unscaled (arivis)

Gray polygonal region with blue arrows and lines showing maximum feret distance

Maximum feret of a region.

The maximum feret of a region is determined on the basis of distance measurements. The calculation uses the method of rotating calipers. Two parallel tangent lines are positioned on opposite sides of the object and rotated around the object to determine the largest distance. The corresponding distance is measured for each angle position. The maximum value determined is the maximum feret.

  • Unit: pixels

Feret Minimum

Gray polygonal region with inner contour and blue caliper lines and arrows illustrating minimum Feret distance

Minimum feret of a region.

The minimum feret of a region is determined on the basis of distance measurements. Two straight lines are positioned on opposite sides of the object, like a sliding caliper, at 128 angle positions. The corresponding distance is measured for each angle position. The minimum value determined is the minimum feret.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Feret Minimum Angle (arivis)

Gray polygon with inner polygon, blue double-arrow for minimum feret and curved blue angle to black x-axis arrow

Angle of the minimum feret of a region in relation to the x-axis.

The minimum feret is determined as described in Feret Minimum (arivis). The angle of the minimum feret in relation to the x-axis is then determined. The indication of the angle always relates to a counterclockwise direction.

  • Unit: degrees
  • Value range: -90° ... 90°

Feret Minimum Unscaled (arivis)

Gray polygonal region with blue parallel tangent lines and double-headed arrow showing minimum feret measurement

Minimum feret of a region.

The minimum feret of a region is determined on the basis of distance measurements. The calculation uses the method of rotating calipers. Two parallel tangent lines are positioned on opposite sides of the object and rotated around the object to determine the smallest distance. The corresponding distance is measured for each angle position. The minimum value determined is the minimum feret.

  • Unit: pixels

Feret Ratio (arivis)

Gray irregular shape with blue arrows: vertical arrow labeled a, top arrow labeled b, central arrows, text a:b

Feret ratio.

The ratio of Feret Minimum (arivis) to Feret Maximum (arivis) is calculated. This ratio makes it possible to make statements on the form of the measured objects. If the feret ratio has a low value, long, elongated objects are present. Values approaching 1 indicate the presence of compact or circular objects, as in this case Feret Minimum (arivis) and Feret Maximum (arivis) have very similar values. The Form Circle is also suitable for making statements on the circularity of an object.

  • Formula: Feret Minimum (arivis) / Feret Maximum (arivis)
  • Unit: none
  • Value range: 0 ... 1

Feret Vertical to Maximum (arivis)

The feret perpendicular to the maximum feret of a region.

  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. µm)

Fiber Length

Length of a fiber-like region.

To calculate the fiber length, a structure that is actually similar to a fiber is required. Here it is not the distance between a start and end point that is determined. The check can be done using the Form circle, among other things.

  • Formula: ¼ × (Perimeter + (Sqrt (Perimeter² - 16 × Area))
  • Unit: Unit of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm)

Fiber Length Unscaled

Length of a fiber-like region.

To calculate the fiber length, a structure that is actually similar to a fiber is required. Here it is not the distance between a start and end point that is determined. The check can be done using the Form Circle, among other things.

  • Formula: ¼ × (Perimeter Unscaled + (Sqrt (Perimeter Unscaled² - 16 × Area Unscaled))
  • Unit: pixels

Form Circle

Two gray irregular regions with polygonal cutouts, each enclosed by blue oval outlines, one larger and one smaller

Form factor of a region.

Describes the form of a region on the basis of its circularity. A perfect circle is given the value 1. The more elongated the region is, the smaller the form factor. The calculation is based on the Area filled and Perimeter Crofton parameters.

  • Formula: 4 × π × Area / PerimeterCrofton²
  • Unit: none
  • Value range: 0...1

Frame Area Percentage

Yellow-outlined translucent green square with orange circle over black pattern of gray circles and a small pale yellow square

The percentage of the area of the regions in relation to the area of all frames in the respective scene. This also includes image areas without pixel values. If you have defined no frame, this feature returns the percentage in relation to the whole image, i.e. the same value as Image Plane Area Percentage. In case of images with multiple scenes, the features is always calculated based on the area of a single scene.

Note that if your image does not contain areas without pixel values and you have not drawn a frame into the image, the following features all have the same result: Frame Area Percentage, Frame Data Area Percentage, Image Plane Area Percentage, and Image Plane Data Area Percentage.

Frame Area Percentage Cut

Black panel with grid of gray circles; highlighted yellow square containing a small orange circle and yellow inset square.

The percentage of the area of the regions including regions that are cut by the frame in relation to the area of all frames in the respective scene. This also includes image areas without pixel values. In case of images with multiple scenes, the features is always calculated based on the area of a single scene.

Frame Data Area

Returns the area of the measurement frame used in the image. If a ROI is defined in the Frame step of the wizard, this area is displayed, otherwise the area of the entire image is indicated. This only incorporates image areas which contain pixel values.

  • Unit: Unit of area of the scaling assigned to the image (e.g. μm2)

Frame Data Area Percentage

Black field of gray circles, yellow-outlined square with white rectangle and orange circle, white L-shaped cutout

The percentage of the area of the regions in relation to the area of all frames in the respective scene. This only incorporates image areas which contain pixel values. If you have defined no frame, this feature returns the percentage in relation to the whole image, i.e. the same value as Image Plane Data Area Percentage. In case of images with multiple scenes, the features is always calculated based on the area of a single scene.

Note that if your image does not contain areas without pixel values and you have not drawn a frame into the image, the following features all have the same result: Frame Area Percentage, Frame Data Area Percentage, Image Plane Area Percentage, and Image Plane Data Area Percentage.

Frame Data Area Unscaled

Returns the unscaled area of the measurement frame used in the image. If a ROI is defined in the Frame step of the wizard, this area is displayed, otherwise the area of the entire image is indicated. This only incorporates image areas which contain pixel values.

  • Unit: pixels

ID

Sequential ID of the object.

ID Object Storage

Returns the ID of the segmented object that is saved in the object store.

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